Identify the 100 people in the clues below. Then match them into 53 pairs according to a Tangredi, or principle you must discover for yourself. Two of the names will be matched with themselves. Four others will be used twice, each in two different capacities.
1. Though a giant in American history, this President was once described by a friend as "no bigger than a half piece of soap."
2. Many people thought that this actress won her first Oscar as a compensation for not being nominated the year before, and her second Oscar for a movie she made as compensation for not getting the role that would win another actress an Oscar the year after. Got that?
3. “My body and my will are one,” declared this great philosopher who influenced such later thinkers as diverse as Nietzsche, Wagner, Einstein, Freud, and Borges.
4. If you’re a member of the Pepsi Generation or enjoy ending the day with a gin and tonic, thank this 18th century English scientist known for an even more important discovery.
5. His tombstone features the very words he spoke at the end of the world premiere of Turandot: "Here the opera ends, because at this point the maestro died."
6. This writer’s final play – considered by some the greatest of all Restoration comedies – is especially notable for the “proviso scene” in which Mirabell and Millamant negotiate the terms under which they would consider marrying one another.
7. This one-time frat brother of George W. Bush won the most gold medals of any athlete at the Tokyo Olympiad.
8. DJMQ: One of the most influential figures in modern dance, this American choreographer often used the I Ching to determine the sequence of dances in a program – not informing the dancers until just before the performance.
Another DJMQ appears at #66.
9. This painter is famous for landscapes such as this one found in the Tate Gallery:
10. In addition to frequently topping the Forbes 400, this business mogul was named by Forbes as the sixth wealthiest American of all time based on percentage of the U.S. economy under his control.
11. This general is best remembered for his scorched earth tactics during the Civil War – and for an oft-quoted reply to a Comanche chief that he denied ever came out of his mouth.
12. The civil rights organization he founded in 1942 was the key player in the Freedom Rides of the early 1960s – in fact, he personally organized the first one.
13. He climbed to the top of the political tree by engineering the king’s second marriage, but lost his head as a result engineering the king’s fourth marriage.
14. Orson Welles once said of him," No town, no industry, no profession, no art form owes so much to a single man." And it’s still true.
15. In January 2007, he told viewers that God had personally warned him of a massive terrorist attack on the United States in the coming year. In January 2008, he told viewers, "Somehow the people of God prayed and God in his mercy spared us."
16. This New Jersey-born biologist helped advance the sexual revolution when he discovered that progesterone would act as an inhibitor to ovulation.
17. Though not widely known for his delicacy and tact, this singer and songwriter reportedly did call Moe Howard personally before naming his band. (I guess he didn’t want a finger in his eye.)
18. This “Son of Ben” wrote the quintessential example of the carpe diem poem in the English language.
19. When asked how long he intends to keep living off one catch, this onetime Met outfielder replies, “How long have I got left?"
20. Since 2001, this chef’s kitchen has belonged to the Smithsonian Institution.
21. This 18th century German archaeologist was the first to distinguish between Greco, Roman and Greco-Roman art and was the greatest influence on the growth of the neoclassical movement.
22. This eponymous physician goes from treating the aches and pains of the residents of a small town in North Dakota to fighting bubonic plague in the Caribbean.
23. There is considerably more evidence that this thug participated in the Lawrenceville massacre than there is that he ever robbed from the rich to give to the poor.
24. At forty, he was one of the youngest jurists ever appointed to a seat on the Supreme Court, so it is not surprising that he ended up parking his butt there longer than anyone before or since.
25. This smooth entertainer is remembered for four signature songs: three – written between 1924 and 1932 – named after women, and a much later tribute to all women.
26. She was the youngest First Lady in U.S. history.
27. This American physicist was the only Nobel laureate to admit to donating to the “Nobel Prize sperm bank” – not surprising, given his controversial interest in eugenics.
28. This member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame wrote and recorded the first hit for Motown Records – and quite a few more after that.
29. He was the first athlete to win two consecutive Olympic gold medals in the Decathlon.
30. This playwright is best known for a trilogy of comedies, two of which were adapted into highly successful operas by one Austrian and one Italian composer. (The third was also turned into an opera, but nobody noticed.)
31. At 37, he was the youngest astronaut to walk on the moon.
32. This businessman founded the nation’s second largest payroll processing company in the United States and once co-owned a New York hockey team, but his attempts to enter the political arena were less successful.
33. This Anglo-American architect is less known for his hundreds of buildings than for his development of a “pattern language” that allows an ordinary person to design a building to meet his or her own needs.
34. This activist began her law career as a legal adviser to the National Organization for Women and later became its longest-serving president.
35. A debate among potential Republican presidential candidates – in which he supported a grain embargo against the Soviet Union, advocated a national gas tax, and admitted that his biggest political regret was voting for the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution – launched what became one of the more successful third-party candidacies in U.S. history.
36. Excelsior! Born poor in Harlem, this one-time navy cook used the settlement from an auto accident to start a cleaning store.
37. Known as the “Angry Man of Jazz,” this influential bassist cited Duke Ellington and church as his greatest influences.
38. This actor is best known for his roles as a young cop, a young hockey player, and a not-so-young Harry Truman.
39. In a 40-week period, he spent 32 weeks as the Number One-ranked pro golfer in the world – alternating the position with the man who both preceded and succeeded him.
40. This British writer is best known for a 1912 poem that begins with a traveler knocking on the door and asking, “Is there anybody there?” (He never does get an answer.)
41. While at MIT, this American biologist isolated the enzyme responsible for reverse transcriptase – an achievement which earned him a share of the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine.
42. This clergyman was serving as Archbishop of New York when he was named the first American cardinal by Pope Pius IX.
43. His 26 confirmed victories made him his country’s leading flying ace of World War I.
44. This Canadian American psychologist is best known for her contributions to attachment theory – in particular, her development of the Strange situation procedure to identify attachment patterns between children and caregivers.
45. This English philosopher wrote, “The principle of utility judges any action to be right by the tendency it appears to have to augment or diminish the happiness of the party whose interests are in question.”
46. When this once-powerful political figure died in the Ludlow Street Jail, the mayor refused his daughter’s request to fly the flag at City Hall at half-mast.
47. Playing before the era of professional ice hockey, this future Hall of Famer compiled an impressive record with the Queen's University Golden Gaels, but later died in action on the Western Front.
48. In a single decade, this versatile lyricist penned one of the anthems of the Great Depression, one of Groucho Marx’s best patter songs, and the score for one of the best-loved movie musicals of all time.
49. This television journalist died at Howard University Hospital of complications resulting from AIDS.
50. This Hungarian economist won the Nobel Prize for his contributions to game theory, particular the analysis of games of incomplete information.
51. In the early years of his career, this actor played in a wide variety of genres – including the title role in a Hitchcock thriller and the male leads in three of the greatest comedies of the early 1940s – but for the last 30 years of his career, he appeared almost exclusively in westerns.
52. Before his death in 2006, he was considered by some to be the greatest living Irish novelist. (His best known novel was about a former IRA officer who tyrannizes his own family.)
53. At the time of his assassination, this gangster was head of the nation’s largest crime family. (His nephew played a prominent role in a classic gangster film.)
54. Two critical discoveries – the aberration of light and the nutation of the Earth’s axis –helped him earn the post of Astronomer Royal.
55. This one-time plumber served on the National War Labor Board during World War II – good preparation for the major role he would later play in organized labor.
56. The painting shown here was the work of this member of the Ashcan School and the Eight:
57. On October 17, 1777, this general surrendered his entire army of over 6,000 men – an action that had far-reaching consequences and made him rather unpopular back home.
58. He was the last coach to lead his team to three consecutive NFL championships.
59. This advertising icon celebrated his fiftieth birthday last year; the man who first brought him to life celebrated his eightieth birthday this year.
60. Prior to his execution, this monarch requested – and was given – two shirts so that they crowd would not mistake his shivering from the cold for quaking in fear.
61. In a world where pornography hardly raises an eyebrow, this gonzo porn star regularly tested the limits of taste by featuring extreme acts with actresses dressed as underage girls – and managed to get sent to prison in 2009 on five counts of transporting obscene matter online and five counts of mailing obscene matter. (His internet domain was seized by the government, in case you’ve been looking for it.)
62. In addition to his most famous partnership, this playwright also collaborated with Edna Ferber, Marc Connelly, the Gershwins, John P. Marquand, Rodgers and Hart, Ring Lardner, and his second wife.
63. In 1847, this Hungarian doctor wrote a book explaining how incidences of childbed fever could be dramatically reduced by the use of hand disinfection in obstetrical clinics. Nobody paid much attention at the time.
64. In a seminal 1792 book, this political philosopher wrote, “I wish to persuade women to endeavor to acquire strength, both mind and body, and to convince them that the soft phrases, susceptibility of heart, delicacy of sentiment, and refinement of taste, are almost synonymous with epithets of weakness, and that those beings who are only objects of pity and that kind of love, which has been termed its sister, will soon become objects of contempt.” Nobody paid much attention at the time.
65. Rolling Stone ranked him the fourth greatest guitarist of all time and credited him with producing “rock's greatest single body of riffs."
66. DJMQ: This South African-born choreographer founded the first major ballet company in Germany.
67. This evangelist was best known for his work among gang members and drug addicts in New York City, as described in a best-selling 1962 book.
68. In 1925, this cartoonist took over an existing comic strip about a frivolous flapper; by 1938, it had evolved into an entirely new strip focusing on the flapper’s niece.
69. This fashion designer created the gown shown here, as well as many others for the same client:
70. Her skill on ice won her a gold medal at Sarajevo and a bronze medal at Lillehammer. (She was ineligible to compete in the years between.)
71. Speaking through a character named “Piscator,” this writer famously discoursed on the relative merits of the frog, the grasshopper, and the live worm.
72. He wrote and directed two of the comedies referenced in Clue #51.
73. This co-winner of the Nobel Peace Prize was a founding member of the Páirtí Sóisialta Daonlathach an Lucht Oibre – or, for those of you who prefer English, the Social Democratic and Labour Party.
74. From 1923 to 1954, he was president of one of the quintessentially American corporations, and his name appears on many educational and cultural institutions in Atlanta.
75. This physicist asserted that there is limit to the precision with which pairs of complementary variables of a particle can be known simultaneously. (At least I think that’s what he asserted; I’m not quite sure.)
76. Compositions by this impressionist composer – who heartily disliked the term ‘impressionist’ – included an opera based on a play by Maeterlinck and a symphonic poem inspired by a poem by Mallarmé.
77. At six in the morning on August 11, 1977, I woke up my entire family with the news that this serial killer had been arrested.
78. It was while on an unsuccessful business trip to Akron in 1935 that he made the phone call that changed his life – and, subsequently, the lives of millions of other people.
79. This historian wrote eighteen books covering such topics as the medieval worldview, the rise and fall of a munitions dynasty, and the assassination of a U.S. President.
80. “Forget not that I am an ass,” this officer of the law indignantly insisted – and for more than 400 years, no one ever has.
81. This Basketball Hall of Famer spent his entire career with the Philadelphia Warriors, retiring with what was at the time the third-highest career point total in NBA history.
82. Dante never won a Pulitzer Prize for The Divine Comedy, but this American poet did for Divine Comedies. (I guess Dante just wasn’t trying hard enough.)
83. He is the only actor to appear in all eight installments – both direct sequels and spinoffs – of a series of raunchy comedy films that began in 1999 and promises to continue until the day the franchise dies.
84. This English explorer led the third expedition to circumnavigate the globe, but his attempt to become the first to circumnavigate the globe twice ended with his death at sea.
85. This Canadian prime minister – whom President Kennedy consider “a boring son of a bitch” – had to be dissuaded from sending a formal letter of protest when JFK mispronounced his name at a press conference.
86. Nine years after the murder of his more famous wife, this Kenyan game warden was also murdered.
87. Robert Koch called this onetime Surgeon General the “Father of American Bacteriology,” thanks to such achievements as discovering the cause of lumbar pneumonia and publishing the first American manual of bacteriology.
88. In a listing of the Top 100 Country Music Songs, CMT ranked a 1968 megahit by this singer and songwriter as Number One.
89. After assuring himself that not a single British soldier had been left behind, this commander of the 1st Infantry boarded the last ship to leave Dunkirk.
90. This co-editor of Commentary penned such influential essays as “The Gangster as Tragic Hero” and was the first critic to write seriously about Mad magazine.
91. He was the first modern philosopher to formulate a detailed theory revolving around the concept of the “social contract” – though, unlike later Enlightenment thinkers, his theory led him in the direction of absolutism.
92. While operating an unsuccessful butcher shop in Buffalo, this entrepreneur bought a cash register . . . which eventually led to his becoming a salesman for NCR . . . which eventually led to his becoming chairman and CEO of one of America’s most successful corporate giants.
93. “I don’t care! I’d rather sink – than call Brad for help!” – these are the final thoughts of the girl who is the subject of one of this artist’s best-known paintings.
94. He was the first male tennis player in the Open Era to rank No. 1 for a total of more than five years.
95. This actor won two Oscars for playing men who really, really would have preferred not to fight.
96. This influential European novelist famously said that the artist “like the God of the creation, remains within or behind or beyond or above his handiwork, invisible, refined out of existence, indifferent, paring his fingernails.”
97. Rhodes Scholars who went on to become U.S. state governors include Richard Celeste of Ohio, David Boren of Oklahoma, Bobby Jindal of Louisiana – oh yeah, and this guy.
98. While trying to find out if uranium salts emitted x-rays, this physicist accidentally discovered an even more important phenomenon.
99. This singer-songwriter hit Number One on the Billboard Hot 100 a total of 32 times and wrote the single most covered copyrighted song of all time.
100. This religious leader composed the theme music to Davey and Goliath – and did some other important stuff as well.
